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Page 5 of 5
Endnotes:
(1) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers.
(2) Ibid, p. 49-65.
(3) Rubinstein, Ariel, 2005, ?The Command of the Market?, Haaretz, 15.5.05.
(4) Arnon, Arie, Luski, Israel, Spivak, Avia and Weinblatt, Jimmy, The Palestinian Economy, Between Imposed Integration and Voluntary Separation, Brill, Leiden, New York and Koln.
(5) Ben-David, Dan, 2005, ?The Values of the Settlers?, Haaretz, 9.6.05.
(6) Berglas, Eitan, 1989, ?The Israeli Economy and the Held Territories: War and Peace ? A Discussion Evening?, Economic Quarterly [Rivon Lecalcala], Vol. 139, p. 599-600.
(7) Laviv, Igal, 2003, ?A Dead-End Roadmap?, in Hagada Hasmalit, 20.4.03, www.hagada.org.il/hagada/html/modules.php?name=News&file=artic
le&sid=840
(8) Tsaban, Dror, 2003, Partial Estimate of Government Budgets Directed to the Settlements in the West Bank and Gaza and the Excessive Subsidizing During 2001, November 2003.
(9) Haaretz, 2003, The Price of the Settlements, New Years Supplement, 26.9.03.
(10) Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work.
(11) Swirski, Shlomo, Konor-Atias, Eti and Etkin, Alon, 2002, Government Funding of the Israeli Settlement in Judea and Sumeria and in the Golan Heights in the 90s: Municipalities, Housing Construction and Paving Roads, Adva Center, Tel-Aviv.
(12) Lan, Shlomit, 2005, ?Check, Please!?, Globes, 2-3.5.05.
(13) B?Tselem, 2002, Land Grab: Israel?s Settlement Policy in the West Bank, May 2002.
(14) Lan, Shlomit, 2005, ?Check, Please!?, Globes, 2-3.5.05.
(15) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p. 11-42.
(16) Lan, Shlomit, 2005, ?Check, Please!?, Globes, 2-3.5.05.
(17) Shtressler, Nehemia, 2004, ?The Domino Theory?, Haaretz, 18.11.04. See also Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 9, and Gamliel, Naor,2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 7-8.
(18) Ibid, p. 35-36.
(19) Prices are calculated according to the Consumer Price Index (CPI), published by the Central Bureau of Statistics (ICBS), http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/
(20) The choice to fix the costs to the estimated Settler population in the OPT creates a higher emphasis on more recent costs. In the Haaretz estimate, for example, it was estimated that the costs in the 1st decade were half of the costs in the 2nd decade of the occupation. My estimate is that costs increased by a factor of 10, similar to the increase in the average Settler population. See Basok, Moti and Haaretz Staff, 2003, ?The Excessive Civilian Cost of the Settlements: At Least NIS 2.5 Billion Every Year?, Haaretz, New Year?s Special, 26.9.2003.
(21) The data on the Settler population in the OPT refers to the West Bank and Gaza only (as East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights were assimilated into Israel). The population data is from Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, and from the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics (ICBS), http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/. Gamliel and the ICBS failed to take into account the settlers living in East Jerusalem, beyond the Green Line. This population was added to the calculations, based on the data from: The Jerusalem Center for Israeli Studies, 2003, On Your Stats, Jerusalem, 2002- 2003, Current Situation and Trends of Change, The Jerusalem Center for Israeli Studies, Jerusalem, p. 7. The population for 2004 and 2005 was calculated based on the average increase in the Settler population of 8.72% per year since 1990.
(22) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p.79-91.
(23) Bichler, Shimshon and Nitzan, Jonatan, 2001,From War Profits to Peace Dividends: The Global Political Economy of Israel (Me-rivhe milhamah le-dividendim shel shalom), Jerusalem: Carmel, 2001, p. 174-178.
(24) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p.60-62.
(25) Ibid, p. 100.
(26) Ibid, p. 58-59.
(27) Ibid, p. 58.
(28) Ibid, p. 56-57.
(29) B?Tselem, 2002, Land Grab: Israel?s Settlement Policy in the West Bank, May 2002, p.74-76.
(30) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p. 63.
(31) Yoaz, Yuval, 2005, ?Cleaning House in the West Bank Municipalities Council?, Haaretz, 19.4.05.
(32) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p. 149.
(33) Yoaz, Yuval, 2005, ?Cleaning House in the West Bank Municipalities Council?, Haaretz, 19.4.05, and Shtressler, Nehemia, 2004, ?The Domino Theory?, Haaretz, 18.11.04.
(34) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p.55-56, and Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 32.
(35) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p. 62-63, and Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 31.
(36) Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 49.
(37) Although the Ministry of National Security is responsible among other things for maintaining Israel?s civil police force, its number one priority on its agenda is ?preventing attacks from hostile organizations?. Despite the fact that the civil police budget was moved from the Ministry of Defense to the Ministry of National Security, the budget of the Ministry of Defense grew that year by NIS 0.5 billion, and it received an extra sum of 2.7 billion specifically for actions in the OPT. Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p. 84-87. See also Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 17.
(38) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p.57-58, and Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 43.
(39) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p.29.
(40) Lein, Yehezkel, 2000, Thirsty for a Solution: The Water Crisis in the Occupied Territories and its Resolution in the Final-Status Agreement, B?Tselem, July 2000, Jerusaelm.
(41) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price ofOccupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p.60.
(42) See the International Court?s press release, July 2004, in http://www.icj-cij.org/icjwww/ipresscom/ipress2004/ipresscom2004-28_mwp_20040709.htm
(43) Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation, ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p.88-89.
(44) Ibid, p. 63-64, and Klein, Zeev, 2005, ?The Taxes to the Clerks?, Globes, 22.5.05, and Barel, Zvi, 2005, ?How to Make it Into a Success?, Haaretz, 29.5.05, and Dekalo, Shmuel, 2005, ?Estimates: The Decision of the Supreme Court Could Increase the Cost of the Evacuation-Compensation Law By More Than A Billion?, Globes, 9-10.5.05.
(45) The data on the Bank of Israel interest rate is from the Central Bank of Israel (CBI), http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/publheb/6-13heb.htm
(46) Calculations are based on the estimate for Israel?s population according to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics (ICBS), http://www.cbs.gov.il/population/popul_sep2004.htm and the Ministry of Treasury?s estimate for the 2005 budget: http://www.mof.gov.il/budget2005/mainpagin.htm
(47) The US$ exchange rate was NIS 4.401 as of 27.5.05, according to the Central Bank of Israel (CBI), http://www.bankisrael.gov.il/heb.shearim/index.php
(48) Lan, Shlomit, 2005, ?Check, Please!?, Globes, 2-3.5.05.
(49) Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 3, 7.
(50) Basok, Moti and Haaretz Staff, 2003, ?The Excessive Civilian Cost of the Settlements: At Least NIS 2.5 Billion Every Year?, Haaretz, New Year?s Special, 26.9.2003.
(51) Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 34, and Berglas, Eitan, 1989, ?The Israeli Economy and the Held Territories: War and Peace ? A Discussion Evening?, Economic Quarterly [Rivon Lecalcala], Vol. 139, p. 599-600.
(52) Klein, Zeev, 2005, ?The Taxes to the Clerks?, Globes, 22.5.05, as well as Klein, Zev, 2005, ?Kobi Haver: The Cost of the Disengagement Plan ? Over NIS 7 Billion in 2005-2007, Globes, 8-9.6.05, also ?Estimates: The Decision of the Supreme Court Could Increase the Cost of the Evacuation- Compensation Law By More Than A Billion NIS?, Globes, 9-10.5.05.
(53) The estimate on the expected number of settlers to be evacuated from Gaza is taken from Hass, Amira, 2005, Haaretz, 5.7.05.
(54) The Israeli Lottery institution transferred NIS 265 million to the Settlements between 1999-2003 alone. The Settlements received more than double their share of the total budget of the institution. See Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 29.
(55) In the last 10 years, 70.71% of the Israeli budget was directly funded by taxes levied on the population. See the Ministry of Treasury, http://www.mof.gov.il/budget2005/mainpagin.htm.
(56) Clyde, R. Mark, 2002, ?Israel: U.S Foreign Assistance?, Issue Brief for Congress; Received Through the CRS Web, October 17, 2002, Foreign Affairs, Defense and Trade Division, p. 1-8.
(57) http://www.palestinemonitor.org/factsheet/Coin%20of%20Empire.htm
(58) Bowles, William, 2003, ?Israel?s Proxy War??, Counter Currents.Org 8.10.03, http://www.countercurrents.org/us-bowles081003.htm
(59) In 2000, the Settlements had the highest percapita income in all of Israel, at NIS 15,000 per month. See Gamliel, Naor, 2005, The Cost of the Settlements, How Much Do We Pay?, Seminar work, p. 35.
(60) The Israeli military and police budget increased by 44.12% between 1988 and 2005. See
Swirski, Shlomo, 2005, The Price of Occupation,
ADVA Center, MAPA Publishers, p. 84-86.
(61) Zuriel-Harari, Keren, 2005, ?Mofaz: My Aid ? Uniting all of Israel?s Military Industries Into One Big Company?, Globes, 18-19.5.05.
(62) See for example: Shlomi Sheffer, 2004, ?How Come the Inflation Goes Down and the Mortgage Doesn?t?,? Haaretz, 23.1.04.
(63) See for example: Farsakh, Leila, ?Palestinian Labor Flows to the Israeli Economy: A Finished Story??, Journal of Palestine Studies, 125, Vol. XXXII, 1, Autumn 2002, p. 13-27.
(64) For the origins of the relative view of wealth, see Veblen, Thorstein, The Theory of the Leisure Class, Dover Publications, New York, 1994 (first printed 1899).
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